Approach
Milk is a complex matrix (an aqueous colloid of fat globules). Its main constituents are fat, protein, and carbohydrates. A combination of offline sample pretreatment and online SPE LC-MS/MS was used to overcome the complexity of the matrix and peptide instability.
Sample Pre-treatment: Proteins precipitated using acetonitrile/modifier and sonication. Proteins and lipids removed using protein lipid depletion plates.
Online SPE LC-MS/MS: Orthogonal chemistries used to achieve the required sensitivity and selectivity. Mixed mode anion exchange SPE followed by reverse phase chromatography. Precise ‘heart cutting’ was employed during the wash and elution step on the small particle SPE, to increase selectivity and to achieve the required high sensitivity.